Korea History - Koryo
the founding monarch of Koryo(918~1392), Wang Kon, was a general who had served under a rebel prince of Shilla.
Choosing his native town Songdo, the present-day Kaesong(located about 60km north of Seoul), as the seat of his kingdom, he proclaimed a policy to recover the lost territory of Koguyo in Manchuria. Therefore he named his kingdom Koryo, form which the modern name Korea is derived.
Form the outset, the royal court of Koryo adopeted buddhism as the state religion. It flourished greatly, stimulating temple construction and the carving of Buddhist images as well as icon paintings.
But temples and monks came to wield excessive power, and during the kingdom's later years, conflicts between scholarofficials and warriors and between Confucianists and Buddhists weakened the kingdom.
the Mongol incursions which began in 1231 resulted in their occupation of Koryo for nearly a century.
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